a[start:stop]  # items start through stop-1
a[start:]      # items start through the rest of the array
a[:stop]       # items from the beginning through stop-1
a[:]           # a copy of the whole array

with open(filename) as file:
    while line := file.readline():
        print(line.rstrip())

import requests

url = 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json'

params = dict(
    origin='Chicago,IL',
    destination='Los+Angeles,CA',
    waypoints='Joplin,MO|Oklahoma+City,OK',
    sensor='false'
)

resp = requests.get(url=url, params=params)
data = resp.json() # Check the JSON Response Content documentation below

# JSON Response Content: https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/master/user/quickstart/#json-response-content

# How to use a dot "." to access members of dictionary?

class dotdict(dict):
    """dot.notation access to dictionary attributes"""
    __getattr__ = dict.get
    __setattr__ = dict.__setitem__
    __delattr__ = dict.__delitem__

mydict = {'val':'it works'}
nested_dict = {'val':'nested works too'}
mydict = dotdict(mydict)
mydict.val
# 'it works'

mydict.nested = dotdict(nested_dict)
mydict.nested.val
# 'nested works too'

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'lxml')
csrf_token = soup.select_one('meta[name="csrf-token"]')['content']

os.path.isfile("bob.txt") # Does bob.txt exist? Is it a file, or a directory?
os.path.isdir("bob")

import json

with open('data.json', 'w') as f:
    json.dump(data, f)

import requests
from urllib.parse import urlencode

base_url = 'https://cloud-api.yandex.net/v1/disk/public/resources/download?'
public_key = 'https://yadi.sk/d/UJ8VMK2Y6bJH7A'  # Сюда вписываете вашу ссылку

# Получаем загрузочную ссылку
final_url = base_url + urlencode(dict(public_key=public_key))
response = requests.get(final_url)
download_url = response.json()['href']

# Загружаем файл и сохраняем его
download_response = requests.get(download_url)
with open('downloaded_file.txt', 'wb') as f:   # Здесь укажите нужный путь к файлу
    f.write(download_response.content)

import eyed3

audiofile = eyed3.load("song.mp3")
audiofile.tag.artist = "Token Entry"
audiofile.tag.album = "Free For All Comp LP"
audiofile.tag.album_artist = "Various Artists"
audiofile.tag.title = "The Edge"
audiofile.tag.track_num = 3
audiofile.tag.save()